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Verbes irréguliers en anglais : la liste pour tout apprendre...et comprendre!
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Conjuguer les verbes en anglais, même les irréguliers, est vraiment simple à apprendre.
Apprendre les verbes irréguliers en anglais peut sembler intimidant, mais en réalité, ce n'est pas si complexe. Contrairement à d'autres langues comme l'espagnol, le français ou l'allemand, l'anglais n'a pas une conjugaison très compliqué. Vou n'avez pas besoin de passer des heures à mémoriser de nombreux verbes irréguliers.
La particularité de nombreux verbes irréguliers est qu'ils restent les mêmes selon les temps. Vous n'avez même pas à vous soucier de les conjuguer !
Cependant, il est important de savoir identifier les verbes irréguliers et de les distinguer des verbes réguliers pour éviter les erreurs. Apprenez les quatre types de verbes irréguliers pour les classer facilement et maîtriser leur conjugaison lorsque vous parlez ou écrivez.
Prêt à démarrer ? Dans ce guide pratique, nous allons tout vous expliquer sur les verbes irréguliers en anglais, y compris les quatre types. Apprenez une liste complète de 117 des verbes irréguliers les plus courants et cinq conseils d'experts pour les retenir. Allons-y !
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Que sont les verbes irréguliers en anglais et combien y en a-t-il ?
Les verbes irréguliers en anglais ne suivent pas les règles de conjugaison habituelles, comme l'ajout de -d ou -ed à la fin de la forme de base d'un verbe. Ils peuvent ne pas suivre ces règles pour former le passé simple ou le participe passé, voire les deux. Bien qu'il y ait environ 200 verbes irréguliers en anglais, beaucoup ne sont pas couramment utilisés. Ci-dessous, vous trouverez une liste de 117 des verbes irréguliers les plus communs.
Types de verbes irréguliers en anglais
Avant de vous montrer la liste complète des verbes irréguliers en anglais, parlons d'abord des quatre types de verbes irréguliers pour que vous sachiez à quoi vous attendre.
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Les verbes irréguliers ayant la même forme de base, le même passé et le même participe passé
Un des types de verbes irréguliers les plus simples à apprendre consiste à garder la forme de base du verbe pour le passé et le participe passé. Pas de changement ! Voici quelques exemples courants :
- Bid (enchérir)
- Broadcast (diffuser)
- Set (fixer)
Verbes irréguliers avec le même passé et le même participe passé
Un autre type de verbe irrégulier présente la même forme pour le passé simple et le participe passé. C'est assez simple à apprendre puisque vous utilisez juste la même forme pour les deux. Voici quelques exemples :
- Bend (plier) → Bent
- Build (construire) → Built
- Get (obtenir) → Got
Verbes irréguliers ayant la même forme de base et le même participe passé
Ce type de verbe irrégulier inclut les cas exceptionnels de tous les verbes anglais. Bien que le passé simple ait une conjugaison unique et souvent irrégulière, le participe passé reste identique à la forme de base du verbe. Bien que cela puisse sembler étrange, la liste de ces verbes n'est pas longue. Voici quelques exemples où la forme de base est suivie de la conjugaison au passé simple (souvenez-vous que le participe passé est le même que la forme de base !)
- Run → Ran
- Become → Became
- Overcome → Overcame
Verbes irréguliers avec une forme de base, un temps passé et un participe passé différents
Enfin, nous avons les verbes irréguliers où chaque temps est complètement différent des autres. Bien que cela puisse sembler être le type de verbe le plus difficile à apprendre, nous avons quelques astuces pour les mémoriser facilement. Continuez à lire jusqu'à la fin de ce blog pour en savoir plus ! Pour l'instant, voici quelques exemples de verbes de cette catégorie, en commençant par la forme de base, suivie de la conjugaison au passé simple et du participe passé :
- Freeze (geler) → Froze → Frozen
- Write (écrire) → Wrote → Written
- Eat (manger) → Ate → Eaten
Liste des 117 verbes irréguliers les plus courants en anglais et leur conjugaison au passé
Maintenant que vous comprenez les quatre types de verbes irréguliers en anglais, voyons les 117 verbes irréguliers en anglais :
Infinitif | Passé simple | Participe passé | Exemple |
To awake | Awoke | Awoken | I was awoken in the middle of the night by a loud bang. |
To be | Was/were | Been | I think I might have already been asleep by the time you called me. |
To bear | Bore | Born | Even though he wasn’t responsible for the accident, he alone bore the consequences. |
To beat | Beat | Beaten | You beat me to the punch! I was about to say that. |
To become | Became | Become | She became the top swimmer in her high school. |
To begin | Began | Begun | I rushed as much as I could, but the competition had already begun by the time I got there. |
To bend | Bent | Bent | I can’t use this part anymore because it’s bent. |
To bid | Bid | Bid | She bid him farewell on a cold, rainy night. |
To bite | Bit | Bitten | Luckily, I’ve never been bitten by a snake. |
To bleed | Bled | Bled | I got a nosebleed last night and bled all over my pillowcase. |
To blow | Blew | Blown | I think he blew it out of proportion — it really wasn’t that big of a deal. |
To break | Broke | Broken | The handle broke as soon as I touched it. |
To bring | Brought | Brought | She brought the same cookies she had brought last year! |
To broadcast | Broadcast | Broadcast | The news report was broadcast this morning. |
To build | Built | Built | This house was built in the 19th century. |
To burn | Burned or burnt | Burn or burnt | I made some mac & cheese, but I left it in the oven too long and burnt it to a crisp! |
To bust | Bust | Bust | The original dam bust from all the pressure in 1987, so they had to build a new one. |
To buy | Bought | Bought | She bought him a new car for his birthday. |
To catch | Caught | Caught | We caught our kid using his phone past his bedtime, so we had to take it away. |
To choose | Chose | Chosen | The dress I had chosen is no longer in stock. |
To cling | Clung | Clung | The cat clung on to the roof for dear life. |
To come | Came | Come | I’m shocked, this news really came out of the blue. |
To cost | Cost | Cost | Even though she bought this art piece as an investment, she had to sell it for less than what it had originally cost her. |
To creep | Crept | Crept | The intruder crept into our house without making any noise. |
To cut | Cut | Cut | Due to budget constraints, the school cut its arts program last year. |
To dig | Dug | Dug | The dog randomly dug out a bone from the ground. |
To do | Did | Done | It was too late by the time he realized what he had done. |
To draw | Drew | Drawn | He was quite impressed with the results, considering he had never drawn anything like that before. |
To dream | Dreamed or dreamt | Dreamed or dreamt | They finally moved into the home they had always dreamt of. |
To drive | Drove | Driven | I had never driven on a coastline like this before. |
To drink | Drank | Drunk | I had already drunk too much wine by the time we started having dinner. |
To eat | Ate | Eaten | I was so hungry I could have eaten a whole cow! |
To fall | Fell | Fallen | Nathan wasn’t careful so he fell into the river. |
To feed | Fed | Fed | Even though it was a very long time, they kept me very well fed. |
To feel | Felt | Felt | I felt like you weren’t listening to me. |
To fight | Fought | Fought | I fought really hard to get to where I am today. |
To find | Found | Found | You should check with the lost and found department to see if they have your card. |
To flee | Fled | Fled | They fled their war-torn country when they were just children. |
To fling | Flung | Flung | He just grabbed my notebook and flung it out the window! |
To fly | Flew | Flown | The bird flew away before the cat could catch it. |
To forbid | Forbade | Forbidden | Taking photos inside the museum is strictly forbidden. |
To forget | Forgot | Forgotten | I had forgotten about the homework assignment, but luckily, I remembered right before the deadline. |
To forgive | Forgave | Forgiven | No need to apologize, you’re already forgiven! |
To freeze | Froze | Frozen | He froze when he heard her voice. |
To get | Got | Got | I got a new pair of jeans yesterday. |
To give | Gave | Given | He gave me flowers on our first date! |
To grind | Ground | Ground | Do you want to buy ground coffee or whole beans? |
To go | Went | Gone | Oh, she’s already gone! She left this morning. |
To grow | Grew | Grown | I didn’t like the carpet at first, but it grew on me. |
To hang | Hung | Hung | He hung his laundry in the balcony and it flew off! |
To have | Had | Had | I think he already had lunch, so we can start eating without him |
To hear | Heard | Heard | Hey! I heard you’re coming to visit next month? |
To hide | Hid | Hidden | They found a hidden treasure at the beach and became rich! |
To hit | Hit | Hit | He got injured while skiing because he hit a tree. |
To hold | Held | Held | My cat loves being held like a little baby. |
To hurt | Hurt | Hurt | Your words really hurt me, so it will take some time for me to move on. |
To keep | Kept | Kept | I kept your letter after all these years. |
To know | Knew | Known | I wish I had known before I came all the way here! |
To lay | Laid | Laid | They laid a strong foundation before beginning construction on the megaproject. |
To lead | Led | Led | Poor management led to the bankruptcy of what once was a thriving company. |
To learn | Learned | Learned | I was placed two math levels above my grade because I had already learned most of what they were studying. |
To leave | Left | Left | I rushed to the airport to meet there, but she had already left by the time I got there. |
To lend | Lent | Lent | Here are the books you had lent me. |
To let | Let | Let | Our teacher let us out of class a few minutes early. |
To lie | Lay | Lain | Yesterday was a great day, I just lay by the beach and ate a bunch of fruits. |
To lose | Lost | Lost | I can’t believe I found the jacket I thought I had lost years ago! |
To make | Made | Made | This dish is what made this restaurant an international phenomenon. |
To mean | Meant | Meant | I don’t know what she meant by that, but she seems upset. |
To meet | Met | Met | I had never met someone like you. |
To pay | Paid | Paid | As long as I’m being paid, I don’t mind staying after closing. |
To prove | Proved | Proven | We’re all innocent until proven guilty in the court of law. |
To put | Put | Put | I can’t find my scarf. I know I put it somewhere, but I can’t remember where! |
To quit | Quit | Quit | He had already quit his job before I had a chance to convince him not to. |
To read | Read | Read | He read her a bedtime story before putting her to bed. |
To ride | Rode | Ridden | I’ve ridden every single rollercoaster in this theme park. |
To ring | Rang | Rung | He rang me up at the cash register upstairs. |
To rise | Rose | Risen | It’s very inspiring to see how you rose from the bottom. |
To run | Ran | Run | You should have already run at least 20 miles in one go before you attempt to run a marathon. |
To say | Said | Said | I misunderstood what she had said. |
To see | Saw | Seen | That was the most beautiful sunset I’ve ever seen. |
To seek | Sought | Sought | I sought some advice from my thesis advisor, but he was upset I even asked! |
To sell | Sold | Sold | Fortunately, the house sold in less than two weeks. |
To send | Sent | Sent | I sent my bags ahead of time so they were already at the hotel when I got there. |
To set | Set | Set | I set the table earlier today so we should be ready for dinner. |
To sew | Sewed | Sewn | This one-of-a-kind, hand-sewn dress was passed on to me by my grandma. |
To shake | Shook | Shaken | I’m still a little shaken from the car accident, but, thankfully, I’m okay. |
To show | Showed | Shown | He had already shown her the birthday party invite, so he ruined the surprise. |
To shut | Shut | Shut | I forgot to shut the window and now my room is full of mosquitoes. |
To sing | Sang | Sung | She sang a beautiful song at our wedding. |
To sink | Sank | Sunk | The boat sank to the bottom of the ocean after hitting an iceberg. |
To sit | Sat | Sat | My mom forgot she had to pick me up from school so I just sat there and waited for her for hours. |
To sleep | Slept | Slept | I hadn’t slept that well in a really long time. |
To slide | Slid | Slid | The dog slid down the waterslide like an enthusiastic child. |
To sling | Slung | Slung | I was already on my way out but I still slung a few pieces of candy in my bag. |
To sow | Sowed | Sown | The farmers sowed diligently all day long, but soon they will be able to feast on their harvest. |
To speak | Spoke | Spoken | There you have it, spoken like a true native! |
To spend | Spent | Spent | I spent the whole afternoon studying Spanish, and I think it’s actually paying off! |
To spin | Spun | Spun | Everything was fine at first, but things just spun out of control. |
To stand | Stood | Stood | Nobody dared to help after the accident, everyone just stood there in shock. |
To steal | Stole | Stolen | They stopped construction because the government found out it was being financed with stolen money. |
To sting | Stung | Stung | I’m very lucky because I’ve never been stung by a bee. |
To stink | Stank | Stunk | All of our fruits went bad because the power went out while we were away, so our fridge stunk terribly when we returned. |
To swear | Swore | Sworn | I could’ve sworn I saw you at the mall the other day. |
To swim | Swam | Swum | I swam all the way to the island and back yesterday. |
To swing | Swung | Swung | I swung at the ball as hard as I could, but I still didn’t hit a home run. |
To take | Took | Taken | I think what I said might’ve been taken out of context. |
To teach | Taught | Taught | Having taught children for over two decades, I think I can speak to children effectively. |
To tear | Tore | Torn | I’m torn between these two dresses, what do you think? |
To tell | Told | Told | I’ve told you a million times to always lock the door when you leave! |
To think | Thought | Thought | Learning English is much easier than I thought. |
To throw | Threw | Thrown | I threw my bags on the floor and ran to give him a hug as soon as I got home. |
To understand | Understood | Understood | I finally understood how to conjugate verbs in Spanish after taking a few more online classes. |
To wake | Woke | Woken | She woke me up right in time to make it to the airport to catch my flight. |
To wear | Wore | Worn | He wore a sharp-looking suit with a striking red tie to the gala. |
To weep | Wept | Wept | I was able to get over my last breakup, but only after I had wept for several days. |
To win | Won | Won | They placed me with some novice players, so I had won the game before it even began. |
To write | Wrote | Written | I think this might be the most beautiful story ever written. |
Les 5 meilleures façons d'apprendre les verbes irréguliers :
![Woman with headphones listening to music that includes irregular verbs](https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blte031836cf13220c5/bltfd3bba8a065774ba/667e76ecf8f3cd13f1c1ce6e/pexels-andrea-piacquadio-813940.jpeg?auto=webp&format=pjpg&quality=80&)
1. Les regrouper par type
Avant de vous lancer dans la mémorisation des verbes irréguliers sans structure, regroupez-les par type. Vous n'avez pas besoin de mémoriser plus de 100 verbes à la fois. Choisissez les plus importants pour vous et classez-les selon le type. Cela vous aide à vous souvenir si vous devez modifier tout le verbe ou seulement le radical, et si vous devez le changer dans tous les temps ou seulement dans certains.
2. Récitez l'infinitif, le passé simple et le participe passé
Pour faciliter la mémorisation des verbes irréguliers, essayez d'apprendre les trois formes conjuguées en même temps. Cela vous aidera à retenir les conjugaisons qui sont un peu plus difficiles. Vous pouvez même créer une sorte de rime amusante pour vous aider à les mémoriser. Par exemple, répétez rapidement ces conjugaisons :
- Freeze, froze, frozen
- Begin, began, begun
- Sing, sang, sung
- Stink, stank, stunk
- Wear, wore, worn
N'est-ce pas amusant ? C'est un peu comme réciter un petit jeu de mots !
3. Vérifiez toujours si un verbe est irrégulier
Bien sûr, la plupart des verbes ne sont pas irréguliers. La grande majorité des verbes anglais suivent des règles de conjugaison régulières, faciles à appliquer. Cependant, une erreur fréquente faite par les apprenants d'anglais est de conjuguer les verbes irréguliers comme s'ils étaient réguliers. Un conseils : à chaque fois que vous rencontrez un nouveau verbe, n'hésitez pas à vérifier dans le dictionnaire s'il est régulier ou irrégulier !
4. Utilisez une application de révision espacée pour les verbes difficiles
Parfois, vous rencontrez des verbes très difficiles qui vous posent problème à plusieurs reprises. Cela arrive, c'est normal ! Dans ces cas-là, ajoutez simplement le verbe et ses conjugaisons à votre application de répétition espacée (SRS) favorite et continuez à réviser jusqu'à ce que vous le maîtrisiez ! Si vous n'avez pas encore d'outil SRS, je vous recommande Anki, très populaire parmi les apprenants en langues.
5. Écoutez de la musique avec des verbes irréguliers
Apprendre une nouvelle langue est plus amusant et efficace lorsque vous vous amusez ! Utiliser la musique pour apprendre une langue est une excellente idée, , même les verbes irréguliers. Voici quelques chansons amusantes avec beaucoup de verbes irréguliers :
- "Return to Sender" d'Elvis Presley
- "Sympathy for the Devil" des Rolling Stones
- "Because You Loved Me" de Céline Dion
Ces chansons peuvent vous aider à mémoriser des verbes irréguliers utiles car elles en contiennent beaucoup. Ils vous restent en tête après quelques écoutes.
Évitez les tracas avec cette liste pratique de verbes irréguliers en anglais.
L'anglais n'a pas une conjugaison complexe mais il faut veiller à ne pas confondre les verbes irréguliers avec les verbes réguliers ! Dans cet article, nous avons couvert les verbes irréguliers les plus courants, les quatre types de verbes irréguliers et cinq conseils essentiels pour tous les mémoriser.
Si vous avez apprécié cet article, n'oubliez pas de parcourir le reste de notre blog ! Retrouvez-y de nombreux guides pratiques (gratuits !) sur la grammaire anglaise, le vocabulaire et même des anecdotes amusantes ! Nos récents articles incluent un guide sur la rédaction de lettres ou d'e-mails en anglais, une liste de 1000 adjectifs anglais, et notre guide ultime pour maîtriser l'anglais des affaires.
Pour une compréhension encore plus approfondie de la langue anglaise, vous pouvez rejoindre nos classes d'anglais et apprendre en groupe ou prendre des cours d'anglais avec un instructeur privé.