Learning animal vocabulary is fun, especially if you’re an animal lover and have an appreciation for all creatures on this planet, from the sea to the sky, great and small.
Knowledge of the names of animals in English is useful for three reasons: it enables us to identify the animals we see, to describe the wildlife that interests us and helps us to discuss in English, the kinds of animals we would like to keep.
In this article, we’ll list animal names in English, recognize species associated with particular environments and countries, and we’ll take a look at useful animal vocabulary that is associated with these environments.
When might we need to know the names of animals in English?
Consider the following scenarios in which you want to describe something wonderful, identify something dangerous, or discover something new.
- During a recent outing to a wildlife zoo, you saw some native wildlife and were asked later what you saw and which animals you liked best.
- You’ve spotted a large nest of insects at the local park, and when you report it, you are asked if they are bees, wasps, or hornets.
- You are going to choose a family pet and need to find out everything you can about it on the internet.
Farm animal vocabulary from A to Z
Animals on farms are referred to as livestock, and birds as poultry.
Farm animal name (singular) | Pronunciation | Animal name (plural) | Male | Female | Young |
Cat (Pet) | kæt | Cats | Tom | Cat/ Dam | Kitten |
Cow | kaw | Cows | Bull | Cow | Calf |
Dog (Usually as a pet or for work purposes) | dɔg | Dogs | Sire | Bitch | Puppy |
Donkey | daŋki | Donkeys | Jack | Jennet | Foal |
Duck | də́k | Ducks/ Poultry | Drake | Duck | Duckling |
Goat | gót | Goats | Billy | Doe | Kid |
Goose | gús | Geese | Gander | Goose | Gosling |
Hen | hɛ́n | Hens/ Poultry | Rooster | Hen | Chicken/ Chick |
Horse (for work or as a pet) | hɔ́rs | Horses | Stallion | Mare | Foal |
Pig | pɪ́g | Pigs | Boar | Sow | Piglet |
Sheep | ʃíp | Sheep | Ram | Ewe | Lamb |
Turkey | tə́rki | Turkeys | Gobbler | Hen | Poult |
Wild and zoo animal vocabulary from A to Z
Spotting the following animals in the wild would certainly be extra special. However, you can find many of the following animals in wildlife parks, rehabilitation centers or zoos, depending on where you are, of course.
Animals in zoos or safari parks are referred to as being in captivity (but not domesticated).
Zoo animal name (singular) | Pronunciation | Animal name (plural) | Male | Female | Young |
Armadillo | àrmədɪ́lo | Armadillos | Armadillo | Armadillo/ Doe | Pup |
Elephant | ɛ́ləfənt | Elephants | Bull | Cow | Calf |
Giant Panda | ǰáyənt pǽndə | Giant Pandas | Boar | Soar | Cub |
Giraffe | ǰərǽf | Giraffes | Bull | Doe | Calf |
Lion | láyən | Lions | Lion | Lioness | Cub |
Monkey | mə́ŋki | Monkeys | Male | Female | Infant |
Turtle | tə́rtəl | Turtles | Male | Female | Hatchling |
Zebra | zíbrə | Zebras | Stallion | Mare | Foal |
Animals found in the wild from A to Z
Wild animal name (singular) | Pronunciation | Animal name (plural) | Male | Female | Young |
Cougar | kúgər | Cougars | Male | Female | Kitten |
Dolphin | dálfən | Dolphins | Bull | Cow | Calf |
Emu | ímyù | Emus | Male | Female | Chick |
Eagle | ígəl | Eagles | Tiercel | Hen | Eaglet |
Kangaroo | kæ̀ŋgərú | Kangaroos | Buck | Doe | Joey |
Leopard | lɛ́pərd | Leopards | Leopard | Leopardess | Cub |
Moose | mus | Moose | Bull | Cow | Calf |
Rhinoceros | raynásərəs | Rhinoceros | Bull | Cow | Calf |
Snake | snék | Snakes | Male | Female | Hatching/ Snakelet |
Tiger | táygər | Tigers | Tiger | Tigress | Cub |
Whale | wel | Whales | Bull | Cow | Calf |
Waters animals list from A to Z
Sea animal name (singular) | Pronunciation | Animal name (plural) | Male | Female | Young |
Anemone | ǽnəmòn | Anemones | Male | Female | |
Crab | krǽb | Crabs | Buck | Jenny | Zoea Larvae |
Cuttlefish | kə́təlfɪ̀š | Cuttlefish | Male | Female | Cuttlets |
Eel | il | Eels | Male | Female | Elver |
Jellyfish | ǰɛ́lifɪ̀š | Jellyfish | Male | Female | Ephyra Or Fingerlings |
Octopus | áktəpʊ̀s | Octopus | Male | Hen | Larvae |
Oyster | ɔ̀ystər | Oysters | Male | Female | Spat |
Shark | šárk | Sharks | Bull | Female | Pup |
Shrimp | šrɪ́mp | Shrimp | Male | Female | Baby |
Tuna | túnə | Tuna | Male | Female | Young |
Insects in English from A to Z
Insect name (singular) | Pronunciation | Animal name (plural) | Male | Female | Young |
Ant | ant | Ants | Drone | Queen | Pupa |
Bee | bee | Bee | Drone | Queen | Pupa |
Butterfly | bə́tərflày | Butterflies | Male | Female | Larva |
Cockroach | kákròč | Cockroaches | Male | Female | Nymph |
Flea | fli | Fleas | Male | Female | Larva |
Hornet | hɔ́rnət | Hornets | Drone | Queen | Larva |
Mosquito | məskíto | Mosquitoes | Male | Female | Wriggler |
Nit | nit | Nits | Male | Female | Nymph |
Spider | spayder | Spiders | Male | Female | Spiderling |
Wasp | wásp | Wasps | Drone | Queen | Larva |
Pet animals in English
Pet animal name (singular) | Pronunciation | Animal name (plural) | Male | Female | Young |
Budgie | bhujee | Budgies | Male | Female | Hatchling |
Cat | kǽt | Cats | Tom | Dam | Kitten |
Dog | dɔ́g | Dogs | Dog | Bitch | Puppy |
Goldfish | góldfɪ̀š | Goldfish | Male | Female | Fry |
Guinea Pig | gɪ́ni pɪ́g | Guinea Pigs | Boar | Sow | Pup |
Hamster | hǽmstər | Hamsters | Buck | Doe | Pup |
Mouse | máws | Mice | Buck | Doe | Kitten |
Rabbit | rǽbɪ̀t | Rabbits | Buck | Doe | Kit |
Animals in English by different countries (by association)
Africa
- Antelopes
- Baboons
- Buffalos
- Cheetahs
- Elephants
- Hyenas
Australia
- Bandicoots
- Bilbies
- Cockatoos
- Crocodiles
- Dingoes
- Echidnas
- Emus
- Kangaroos
- Koalas
- Kookaburras
- Lyrebirds
- Magpies
- Platypus
- Possums
- Quolls
- Tasmanian Devils
- Wallabies
- Wombats
Canada
- Beavers
- Moose
- Polar bears
- Bison
- Walrus
- Caribou
India
- Bats
- Deer
- Monkeys
- Sloths
- Snow leopards
- Tigers
United States
- Bears
- Bison
- Coyotes
- Eagles
- Otters
- Squirrels
- Raccoons
Great Britain
- Badgers
- Deer
- Dormice
- Foxes
- Hedgehogs
- Owls
- Stoats
What do the following expressions mean?
Sometimes we want to talk about animals in ways that describe or refer to their status in the human world. You may want to do this for research, for paid or volunteer work, or for your own interest. These are all relevant words to add to and expand your animal vocabulary.
- Threatened – the known numbers of this species in the world are very low
- Endangered – there are not many of this species left in the world
- Extinct – there are no known members of this species left
- Protected – the hunting, trapping, or killing of this species is prohibited
- Domesticated – bred and trained to live with humans
- Tame – trained to live safely with humans
What do we mean when we say:
He’s as happy as a pig in mud! | He’s doing what he loves! |
Well, that’s just the bee's knees! | That is wonderful! |
I’m having a whale of a time! | I’m having the best time ever! |
Hold your horses, I’m coming! | Don’t be so impatient, I’m coming! |
They always take the lion’s share! | They always take the most! |
Well, that’s let the cat out of the bag! | That’s let the secret out! |
That really gets my goat! | That is very annoying! |
Why are you always so pigheaded? | Why do you argue so much? |
Expanding your animal vocabulary
Talking about animals is a passionate pastime for many of us, and it’s a subject with an enormous and dynamic vocabulary. So have fun with it as you expand your English animal vocabulary with all the marvelous creatures that cohabit and share this wonderful Earth with us.